hardpan
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hard·pan
(härd′păn′)n.
1. A layer of hard subsoil or clay. Also called caliche.
2. Hard, unbroken ground.
3. A foundation; bedrock.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
hardpan
(ˈhɑːdˌpæn)n
(Physical Geography) a hard impervious layer of clay below the soil, resistant to drainage and root growth
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014
hard•pan
(ˈhɑrdˌpæn)n.
1. any layer of firm detrital matter, as of clay, underlying soft soil.
2. hard, unbroken ground.
[1810–20]
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.
Hardpan
A compacted layer of soil that is difficult for roots or water to penetrate. It often forms just below the depth of plowing, when plowing, year after year, is always to the same depth.
1001 Words and Phrases You Never Knew You Didn’t Know by W.R. Runyan Copyright © 2011 by W.R. Runyan
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Noun | 1. | hardpan - crust or layer of hard subsoil encrusted with calcium-carbonate occurring in arid or semiarid regions |
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