acid

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Related to acid: acid reflux, soap, Acid and base

ac·id

(ăs′ĭd)

1. Chemistry

a. Any of a class of substances whose aqueous solutions are characterized by a sour taste, the ability to turn blue litmus red, and the ability to react with bases and certain metals to form salts.

b. A substance that yields hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.

c. A substance that can act as a proton donor.

d. A substance that can accept a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond.

2. A substance having a sour taste.

3. The quality of being sarcastic, bitter, or scornful: wrote with acid about her first marriage.

4. Slang See LSD¹.

adj.

1. Chemistry

a. Of, relating to, or containing an acid.

b. Having a high concentration of acid.

c. Having the characteristics of an acid.

a. Having a pH of less than 7.

b. Having a relatively high concentration of hydrogen ions.

3. Geology Containing a large proportion of silica: acid rocks.

4. Having a sour taste. See Synonyms at sour.

5. Biting, sarcastic, or scornful: an acid wit; an acid tone of voice.

[From Latin acidus, sour, from acēre, to be sour; see ak- in Indo-European roots.]

ac′id·ly adv.

ac′id·ness n.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

acid

(ˈæsɪd)

1. (Chemistry) any substance that dissociates in water to yield a sour corrosive solution containing hydrogen ions, having a pH of less than 7, and turning litmus red. See also Lewis acid

2. a sour-tasting substance

3. (Recreational Drugs) a slang name for LSD

adj

4. (Chemistry) chem

a. of, derived from, or containing acid: an acid radical.

b. being or having the properties of an acid: sodium bicarbonate is an acid salt.

5. sharp or sour in taste

6. cutting, sharp, or hurtful in speech, manner, etc; vitriolic; caustic

7. (Environmental Science) (of rain, snow, etc) containing pollutant acids in solution

8. (Geological Science) (of igneous rocks) having a silica content of more than 60% of the total and containing at least one tenth quartz

9. (Metallurgy) metallurgy of or made by a process in which the furnace or converter is lined with an acid material: acid steel.

[C17: (first used by Francis Bacon): from French acide or Latin acidus, from acēre to be sour or sharp]

ˈacidly adv

ˈacidness n

ˈacidy adj

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

ac•id

(ˈæs ɪd)

n.

1. a compound usu. having a sour taste and capable of neutralizing alkalis and turning blue litmus paper red, containing hydrogen that can be replaced by a metal or an electropositive group to form a salt, or containing an atom that can accept a pair of electrons from a base.

2. a substance with a sour taste.

3. biting criticism or sarcasm.

4. Slang. the drug LSD.

adj.

a. belonging or pertaining to acids or the anhydrides of acids.

b. having only a part of the hydrogen of an acid replaced by a metal or its equivalent: an acid phosphate.

c. having a pH value of less than 7. Compare alkaline.

6. characterized by a high concentration of acid.

7. sharp or biting to the taste; sour: acid fruits.

8. sharp, biting, or ill-natured in mood or manner; caustic: acid wit.

9. vividly intense in color: acid green.

10. (of igneous rock) rich in silica.

[1620–30; < Latin acidus sour, akin to ācer sharp, acētum vinegar, acicula]

ac′id•ly, adv.

ac′id•ness, n.

ac·id

(ăs′ĭd)

Any of a class of compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. They also react, in solution, with bases and certain metals to form salts. Acids turn blue litmus paper red, have a sour taste, and have a pH of less than 7. Compare base.

acidic adjective

The American Heritage® Student Science Dictionary, Second Edition. Copyright © 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

acid

A solution of a substance in water which has a pH of less than 7.

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Noun	1.	acid - any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt alcapton, alkapton, homogentisic acid - an acid formed as an intermediate product of the metabolism of tyrosine and phenylalanine arsenic acid - an acid formed from arsenic pentoxide cerotic acid, hexacosanoic acid - a white solid fatty acid found in waxes (such as beeswax) chloric acid - (HClO3) a strong unstable acid with an acrid odor found in chlorate salts chlorous acid - (HClO2) a strongly oxidizing acid; known only in solution monobasic acid - an acid containing only one replaceable hydrogen atom per molecule dibasic acid - an acid containing two replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule tribasic acid - an acid containing three replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule tetrabasic acid - an acid containing four replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule fulminic acid - (CNOH) an unstable acid occurring mainly in the form of explosive salts and esters that is isomeric with cyanic acid gamma acid - a crystalline acid used to make azo dyes hydriodic acid - (HI) a colorless or yellow aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide; "hydriodic acid is a strong acid" hydrocyanic acid, prussic acid - a solution of hydrogen cyanide in water; weak solutions are used in fumigating and in the synthesis of organic compounds hydroxy acid - any acid that has hydroxyl groups in addition to the hydroxyl group in the acid itself hyponitrous acid - an explosive white crystalline weak acid (H2N2O2) lysergic acid - a crystalline acid often used in medical research; obtained from ergotic alkaloids manganic acid - a dibasic acid (H2MnO4) found only in solution and in manganate salts 2-methylpropenoic acid, methacrylic acid - an unsaturated acid (C4H6O2) used to make resins and plastics selenic acid - a strong acid (H2SeO4) analogous to sulfuric acid sulfonic acid, sulphonic acid - an acid derived from sulphuric acid titanic acid - a white weak acid that is a hydrated form of titanium dioxide perchloric acid - a powerful oxidizing agent; forms perchlorates carboxylic acid - an organic acid characterized by one or more carboxyl groups aminobenzoic acid - a derivative of benzoic acid aqua fortis, nitric acid - acid used especially in the production of fertilizers and explosives and rocket fuels nitrous acid - an unstable inorganic acid known only in solution and as nitrite salts aqua regia, nitrohydrochloric acid - a yellow fuming corrosive mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acid that dissolves metals (including gold) barbituric acid, malonylurea - a white crystalline acid derived from pyrimidine; used in preparing barbiturate drugs lansoprazole, Prevacid - antacid (trade name Prevacid) that suppresses acid secretion in the stomach boracic acid, boric acid - any of various acids containing boron and oxygen boric acid, orthoboric acid - a white or colorless slightly acid solid that is soluble in water and ethanol; used in the manufacture of glass and paper and adhesives and in detergents and as a flux in welding; also used as an antiseptic and food preservative bromic acid - an unstable acid used as an oxidizing agent carbamic acid - an acid that is known only by virtue of its salts (as ammonium carbamate) or its esters (as urethane) carbolic acid, hydroxybenzene, oxybenzene, phenylic acid, phenol - a toxic white soluble crystalline acidic derivative of benzene; used in manufacturing and as a disinfectant and antiseptic; poisonous if taken internally carbonic acid - a weak acid known only in solution; formed when carbon dioxide combines with water chromic acid - an unstable acid known only in solution and as chromate salts citric acid - a weak water-soluble acid found in many fruits (especially citrus fruits); used as a flavoring agent chemical compound, compound - (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight cyanamid, cyanamide - a weak soluble dibasic acid (the parent acid of cyanamide salts) cyanic acid - a colorless poisonous volatile liquid acid that hydrolyzes readily to ammonia and carbon dioxide cyanuric acid - a trimer of cyanic acid ferricyanic acid - a brown unstable acid formed from ferricyanide ferrocyanic acid - a white unstable acid formed from ferrocyanide salts fluoroboric acid - an acid of fluorine and boron fluosilicic acid, hydrofluosilicic acid - an unstable poisonous corrosive acid known primarily in the form of its salts
	2.	acid - street name for lysergic acid diethylamide back breaker, battery-acid, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, window pane, superman, Zen, pane, dose, dot LSD, lysergic acid diethylamide - a powerful hallucinogenic drug manufactured from lysergic acid
Adj.	1.	acid - harsh or corrosive in tone; "an acerbic tone piercing otherwise flowery prose"; "a barrage of acid comments"; "her acrid remarks make her many enemies"; "bitter words"; "blistering criticism"; "caustic jokes about political assassination, talk-show hosts and medical ethics"; "a sulfurous denunciation"; "a vitriolic critique" blistering, caustic, vitriolic, sulfurous, sulphurous, acerb, acerbic, acrid, bitter, virulent unpleasant - disagreeable to the senses, to the mind, or feelings ; "an unpleasant personality"; "unpleasant repercussions"; "unpleasant odors"
	2.	acid - being sour to the taste acidulent, acidulous, acidic sour - having a sharp biting taste
	3.	acid - having the characteristics of an acid; "an acid reaction" chemical science, chemistry - the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions acidic - being or containing an acid; of a solution having an excess of hydrogen atoms (having a pH of less than 7)

acid

adjective

1. sour, sharp, tart, pungent, biting, acidic, acerbic, acrid, acetic, vinegary, acidulous, acidulated, vinegarish, acerb These wines are rather hard, and somewhat acid.
sour sweet, pleasant, mild, bland, alkaline

2. sharp, cutting, biting, severe, bitter, harsh, stinging, scathing, acrimonious, barbed, pungent, hurtful, sarcastic, sardonic, caustic, vitriolic, acerbic, trenchant, mordant, mordacious a comedy told with compassion and acid humour
sharp kindly, sweet, gentle, pleasant, mild, bland, benign

the acid test test, proof, trial, check, investigation, analysis, assessment, examination The perception of fairness is the acid test for democracy.

Acids

Specific acids abietic acid, acetic acid, alginic acid, aminobenzoic acid, aspartic acid, barbituric acid, benzoic acid, boric acid, butyric acid, carbonic acid, chloric acid, chloroacetic acid, chlorous acid, cholic acid, chromic acid, cinnamic acid, citric acid, crotonic acid, cyanic acid, decanedioic acid, decanoic acid, dichromic acid, dithionous acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, dodecanoic acid, erucic acid, formic acid, fulminic acid, fumaric acid, gallic acid, glacial acetic acid, glyceric acid, heptadecanoic acid, hexanoic acid, hydnocarpic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hypochlorous acid, hypophosphoric acid, hypophosphorous, isocyanic acid, itaconic acid, lactic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, lysergic acid, manganic acid, mucic acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, nonanoic acid, octanedioic acid, oleic acid, orthophosphoric acid, oxalic acid, pantothenic acid, para-aminobenzoic acid, pectic acid, pentanoic acid, permanganic acid, phosphoric acid, phthalic acid, picric acid, platinocyanic acid, polyphosphoric acid, propanoic acid, prussic acid, pyroboric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, pyrosulphuric acid, racemic acid, ricinoleic acid, saccharic acid, selenic acid, selenious acid, silicic acid, sorbic acid, spiraeic acid (modern salicylic acid), stearic acid, suberic acid, succinic acid, sulphonic acid, sulphurous acid, tantalic acid, tartaric acid, telluric acid, terebic acid, terephthalic acid, thiocyanic acid, thiosulphuric acid, trichloroacetic acid, uric acid

Types of acid amino acid, carboxylic acid, dibasic acid, dicarboxylic acid, fatty acid, iodic acid, mineral acid, nucleic acid, periodic acid, polycarboxylic acid

Amino acids alanine, arginine, citrulline, cystine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, ethionine, ornithine, proline, serine, threonine, triiodothyronine

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

acid

adjective

1. Having a taste characteristic of that produced by acids:

acerb, acerbic, acetous, acidulous, dry, sour, tangy, tart.

2. So sharp as to cause mental pain:

acerbic, acidic, acrid, astringent, biting, caustic, corrosive, cutting, mordacious, mordant, pungent, scathing, sharp, slashing, stinging, trenchant, truculent, vitriolic.

Translations

حامِضحَمْضحِمْض، مَادَّة حَامِضِيَّهلاذِع، قَارِص

киселкиселинен

àcid

kyselinakyselýsarkastickýjedovatý

syre-syresyre-sursure

Säure saueracet-beißendLysergsäure-diethylamid

οξύ όξινος οξύς δριμύς καυστικός

ácido agrio malhumorado mordaz sarcástico

hapehappelinehapukibe

happoainehapanhapokas

acide aigre aigri hargneux mordant

kiselinakiselinskikiseo

sav

beiskbeisktbeiskurmeinhæðiðmeinhæðin

acido acido lisergico test decisivo

酸酸性すっぱい

산산성의시다

kandusrūgštingumasrūgštisrūgštus

skābeskābsassdzēlīgsskāba

അമ്ലം

zuur

sur syresyre-besk sarkastisk

kwaskwaśnakwaśnekwaśny

ácido azeda azedo ácida

acidacidul lisergic dietilamida-25

кислота кислотный кислый кислятина ЛСД

kyselinakyslý

kiselkislakisla snovkislinakislo

kiselina

syrasyra-acidsur

กรด

asit ekşi alaycı

تیزاب

axit

酸酸的尖刻的

acid

[ˈæsɪd]

A. N

1. (Chem) → ácido m

2. (= drug) → ácido m
to drop acid → consumir ácido

B. ADJ

1. (= not alkaline) [soil, food, conditions] → ácido

2. (= sharp, bitter) [fruit, taste] → ácido

3. (fig) [remark, tone] → mordaz; [voice] → agrio, mordaz
to have an acid tongue → tener la lengua viperina

C. CPD acid drops NPL (Brit) → caramelos mpl ácidos
acid green N → verde m limón
acid head N (Drugs) → adicto/a m/f al ácido
acid house (music) N → música f acid
acid house party N → fiesta f acid
acid rain N → lluvia f ácida
acid rock N (Mus) → rock m acid
the acid test N (fig) → la prueba de fuego, la prueba decisiva
acid yellow N → amarillo m limón

Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

acid

[ˈæsɪd] n (CHEMISTRY) → acide m citric acid, hydrochloric acid

Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

acid

adj

(= sour, also Chem) → sauer

(fig) → ätzend, beißend

(Chem) → Säure f

(inf: = LSD) → Acid nt (sl); to drop acid → Acid nehmen (sl)

acid

acid-proof

adj → säurebeständig

acid rain

n → saurer Regen

acid rock

n (Mus) → Acid Rock m

acid test

n → Feuerprobe f

acid-tongued

adj person, remark → scharfzüngig

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

acid

[ˈæsɪd]

1. n (Chem) (drug) → acido

2. adj (Chem) → acido/a; (sour) → acido/a, acidulo/a (fig) (wit, remark) → caustico/a
acid salts (Chem) → sali mpl acidi
acid oxides (Chem) → ossiacidi mpl

Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

acid

(ˈӕsid) adjective

1. (of taste) sharp or sour. Lemons and limes are acid fruits.

2. sarcastic. acid humour.

noun

a substance, containing hydrogen, which will dissolve metals etc. She spilled some acid which burned a hole in her dress.

aˈcidity noun

the quality of containing acid or too much acid.

acid

→ حَمْض kyselina syre Säure οξύ ácido happo acide kiselina acido 酸 산 zuur syre kwas ácido кислота syra กรด asit axit 酸

ac·id

n. ácido;

acetic ___ → ___ acético;

boric ___ → ___ bórico;

___ -fast → acidorresistente;

___ -proof → a prueba de ___;

aminoacetic ___ → ___ aminoacético (suplemento dietético);

ascorbic ___ → ___ ascórbico;

aspartic ___ → ___ aspártico;

boric ___ → ___ bórico;

butyric ___ → ___ butírico;

chlorogenic ___ → ___ clorogénico;

cholic ___ → ___ cólico;

citric ___ → ___ cítrico;

deoxyribonucleic ___ → ___ desoxirribonucleico;

fatty ___ → ___ graso;

folic ___ → ___ fólico;

gastric ___ → ___ gástrico;

glucuramic ___ → ___ glucurámico;

glutamic ___ → ___ glutámico;

glycolic ___ → ___ glicólico;

lactic ___ → ___ láctico;

nicotinic ___ → ___ nicotínico;

nitric ___ → ___ nítrico;

nucleic ___ → ___ nucleico;

phenic ___ → ___ fenílico;

ribonucleic ___ → ___ ribonucleico;

salicylic ___ → ___ salicílico;

sulfonic ___ → ___ sulfónico;

sulfuric ___ → ___ sulfúrico;

uric ___ → ___ úrico.

acid

adj & n ácido; fatty —ácido graso (V. también fatty acid); gastric o stomach —ácido gástrico or del estómago

References in classic literature ?

Sir Launcelot got up steam, he and I loaded up the kettle with unslaked lime and carbolic acid, with a touch of lactic acid added thereto, then filled the thing up with water and inserted the steam-spout under the canopy.

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Over the whole field, previously so gaily beautiful with the glitter of bayonets and cloudlets of smoke in the morning sun, there now spread a mist of damp and smoke and a strange acid smell of saltpeter and blood.

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It was not unpleasant to the taste, though slightly acid, and I learned in a short time to prize it very highly.

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There was blood, I saw, in the sink,--brown, and some scarlet--and I smelt the peculiar smell of carbolic acid. Then through an open doorway beyond, in the dim light of the shadow, I saw something bound painfully upon a framework, scarred, red, and bandaged; and then blotting this out appeared the face of old Moreau, white and terrible.

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Professor Summerlee gave an acid smile as he picked up the envelope in his gaunt hand.

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I am afraid there is some acid upon that too, and it is rather damp and torn.

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Indeed, each man consumes, in one hour, the oxygen contained in more than 176 pints of air, and this air, charged (as then) with a nearly equal quantity of carbonic acid, becomes unbreathable.

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Bubbles of carbonic acid gas will rise to the surface and burst, and make rings two or three feet wide.

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The accidental breaking of his jar of acid has burnt the Baron's hands severely.

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But it was not enough to renew the oxygen; they must absorb the carbonic acid produced by expiration.

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And here his sagacity must make it needless to observe how artfully these chapters are calculated for that excellent purpose; for in these we have always taken care to intersperse somewhat of the sour or acid kind, in order to sharpen and stimulate the said spirit of criticism.

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This gummy, resinous substance is absolutely water-proof, and also resists acids and gas perfectly.

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