anneal

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an·neal

(ə-nēl′)

v. an·nealed, an·neal·ing, an·neals

v.tr.

1. To subject (glass or metal) to a process of heating and slow cooling in order to toughen and reduce brittleness.

2. To strengthen or harden.

v.intr.

To become strengthened or hardened: "the time she needed for opinion to anneal around her policy" (Alexander M. Haig, Jr.).

[Middle English anelen, from Old English onǣlan, to set fire to : on, on; see on + ǣlan, to kindle.]

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

anneal

(əˈniːl)

1. (Metallurgy) to temper or toughen (something) by heat treatment

2. (General Physics) to subject to or undergo some physical treatment, esp heating, that removes internal stress, crystal defects, and dislocations

3. (tr) to toughen or strengthen (the will, determination, etc)

4. (General Physics) (often foll by out) physics to disappear or cause to disappear by a rearrangement of atoms: defects anneal out at different temperatures.

an act of annealing

[Old English onǣlan, from on + ǣlan to burn, from āl fire]

anˈnealer n

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

an•neal

(əˈnil)

v.t.

1. to heat (glass, earthenware, metals, etc.) to remove or prevent internal stress.

2. to free from internal stress by heating and gradually cooling.

3. to toughen or temper.

4. to recombine (nucleic acid strands) at low temperature after separating by heat.

5. to fuse colors onto (a vitreous or metallic surface) by heating.

[before 1000; Middle English anelen, Old English anǣlan to kindle =an- on + ǣlan to burn, akin to āl fire]

an•neal′er, n.

anneal

Past participle: annealed
Gerund: annealing

Imperative
anneal
anneal

Present
I anneal
you anneal
he/she/it anneals
we anneal
you anneal
they anneal

Preterite
I annealed
you annealed
he/she/it annealed
we annealed
you annealed
they annealed

Present Continuous
I am annealing
you are annealing
he/she/it is annealing
we are annealing
you are annealing
they are annealing

Present Perfect
I have annealed
you have annealed
he/she/it has annealed
we have annealed
you have annealed
they have annealed

Past Continuous
I was annealing
you were annealing
he/she/it was annealing
we were annealing
you were annealing
they were annealing

Past Perfect
I had annealed
you had annealed
he/she/it had annealed
we had annealed
you had annealed
they had annealed

Future
I will anneal
you will anneal
he/she/it will anneal
we will anneal
you will anneal
they will anneal

Future Perfect
I will have annealed
you will have annealed
he/she/it will have annealed
we will have annealed
you will have annealed
they will have annealed

Future Continuous
I will be annealing
you will be annealing
he/she/it will be annealing
we will be annealing
you will be annealing
they will be annealing

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been annealing
you have been annealing
he/she/it has been annealing
we have been annealing
you have been annealing
they have been annealing

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been annealing
you will have been annealing
he/she/it will have been annealing
we will have been annealing
you will have been annealing
they will have been annealing

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been annealing
you had been annealing
he/she/it had been annealing
we had been annealing
you had been annealing
they had been annealing

Conditional
I would anneal
you would anneal
he/she/it would anneal
we would anneal
you would anneal
they would anneal

Past Conditional
I would have annealed
you would have annealed
he/she/it would have annealed
we would have annealed
you would have annealed
they would have annealed

Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

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Verb

anneal - bring to a desired consistency, texture, or hardness by a process of gradually heating and cooling; "temper glass"

temper, normalize

harden, indurate - make hard or harder; "The cold hardened the butter"

Translations

žíhat

recocer

hehkuttaa

temperare [il metallo]

temperar

anneal

[əˈniːl] VT → templar

Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

anneal

vt glass → kühlen; metal → ausglühen; earthenware → brennen; (fig) → stählen

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

anneal

[əˈniːl] vt (Tech) (glass, metal) → ricuocere

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References in periodicals archive ?

If (but only if) the 3' end of primer 1 anneals to the template, an enzyme known as DNA ligase catalyzes the covalent joining of the 3'-OH of primer 1 to the 5' phosphate of primer 2.

If the template SNP matches (anneals) to the 3' ends of primers 1 and 3, as in Figure lc, ligation products (1+2) and (3+4) can now each be denatured, and may now act as template for the annealing and ligation of the opposite primer pair.

Alternative nucleic amplification strategies, part 2: LCA and HDA

Oven number one heats and stretches; oven number two stretches and anneals; oven number three anneals and relaxes.

Biaxially stretch practically anything

Primer HS1-F, which anneals to sO43, was 5' GGC TAT TCC ACC GGT GGT G 3'; primer HS1-R, which anneals to traL, was 5' TGC CGA TCA CTA GCC CCA AC 3'; primer HS2-F, which anneals to traA, was 5' ATG GGT CTC TAC AAT ACG CC 3'; and primer HS2-R, which anneals to sO54, was 5' GGA GAC AGC GCA AGC GCC AG 3'.

Vibrio cholerae SXT element, Laos

After deposition the specimens were subjected to anneals (0.5 h) at 300 K, 330 K, 350 K, 400 K, or 450 K, in gas mixture of Ar (volume fraction 95%) and [H.sub.2] (volume fraction 5%) at [10.sup.5] Pa.

The development of the dislocation distribution and grain size was assessed using x-ray diffraction measurements on specimens that were annealed at different temperatures.

Diffraction line broadening analysis if broadening is caused by both dislocations and limited crystallite size

When the furnace batch completes, he pulls it out and swings the turntable to load the next batch, cutting load/unload time to five minutes between anneals. Using the turntable will increase productivity by 30 or 40 percent.

Production of these parts requires an anneal between almost every forming operation.

A clean bill of health for medical parts: in-house annealing makes them cleaner, cuts lead-time. (Manufacturing Update)

This anneals to the single-stranded DNA product of the previous step, providing a starting point for another of M-MLV RT's activities: a classical DNA polymerase function.

Alternative nucleic acid amplification methods: part 1

Results of imaging the freeze-dried and annealed coatings are fully consistent with the hypothesis that van der Waals force alone can compact a latex coating.