ballast


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bal·last

 (băl′əst)
n.
1. Heavy material that is carried to improve stability or maintain proper trim, as on a ship, or to limit buoyancy, as on a balloon.
2.
a. Coarse gravel or crushed rock laid to form a bed for roads or railroads.
b. The gravel ingredient of concrete.
3. Something that gives stability, especially in character.
tr.v. bal·last·ed, bal·last·ing, bal·lasts
1. To stabilize or provide with ballast.
2. To fill (a railroad bed) with or as if with ballast.

[Perhaps from Old Swedish or Old Danish barlast : bar, mere, bare; see bhoso- in Indo-European roots + last, load.]
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

ballast

(ˈbæləst)
n
1. (Nautical Terms) any dense heavy material, such as lead or iron pigs, used to stabilize a vessel, esp one that is not carrying cargo
2. (Civil Engineering) crushed rock, broken stone, etc, used for the foundation of a road or railway track
3. (Building) coarse aggregate of sandy gravel, used in making concrete
4. anything that provides stability or weight
5. (Electronics) electronics a device for maintaining the current in a circuit
vb (tr)
to give stability or weight to
[C16: probably from Low German; related to Old Danish, Old Swedish barlast, literally: bare load (without commercial value), from bar bare, mere + last load, burden]
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

bal•last

(ˈbæl əst)

n.
1. a heavy material carried on a vessel to control draft and stability or a balloon to control altitude.
2. gravel or broken stone placed under the ties of a railroad.
3. a device that maintains the current in an electric circuit at a constant value and may also provide the starting voltage, as in a fluorescent lamp.
v.t.
4. to furnish with ballast.
[1520–30; < Middle Low German, perhaps ultimately < Scandinavian; compare early Dan and Swedish barlast=bar bare1 + last load]
bal′last•er, n.
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.

ballast


Past participle: ballasted
Gerund: ballasting

Imperative
ballast
ballast
Present
I ballast
you ballast
he/she/it ballasts
we ballast
you ballast
they ballast
Preterite
I ballasted
you ballasted
he/she/it ballasted
we ballasted
you ballasted
they ballasted
Present Continuous
I am ballasting
you are ballasting
he/she/it is ballasting
we are ballasting
you are ballasting
they are ballasting
Present Perfect
I have ballasted
you have ballasted
he/she/it has ballasted
we have ballasted
you have ballasted
they have ballasted
Past Continuous
I was ballasting
you were ballasting
he/she/it was ballasting
we were ballasting
you were ballasting
they were ballasting
Past Perfect
I had ballasted
you had ballasted
he/she/it had ballasted
we had ballasted
you had ballasted
they had ballasted
Future
I will ballast
you will ballast
he/she/it will ballast
we will ballast
you will ballast
they will ballast
Future Perfect
I will have ballasted
you will have ballasted
he/she/it will have ballasted
we will have ballasted
you will have ballasted
they will have ballasted
Future Continuous
I will be ballasting
you will be ballasting
he/she/it will be ballasting
we will be ballasting
you will be ballasting
they will be ballasting
Present Perfect Continuous
I have been ballasting
you have been ballasting
he/she/it has been ballasting
we have been ballasting
you have been ballasting
they have been ballasting
Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been ballasting
you will have been ballasting
he/she/it will have been ballasting
we will have been ballasting
you will have been ballasting
they will have been ballasting
Past Perfect Continuous
I had been ballasting
you had been ballasting
he/she/it had been ballasting
we had been ballasting
you had been ballasting
they had been ballasting
Conditional
I would ballast
you would ballast
he/she/it would ballast
we would ballast
you would ballast
they would ballast
Past Conditional
I would have ballasted
you would have ballasted
he/she/it would have ballasted
we would have ballasted
you would have ballasted
they would have ballasted
Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
Noun1.ballast - any heavy material used to stabilize a ship or airshipballast - any heavy material used to stabilize a ship or airship
material, stuff - the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object; "coal is a hard black material"; "wheat is the stuff they use to make bread"
2.ballast - coarse gravel laid to form a bed for streets and railroadsballast - coarse gravel laid to form a bed for streets and railroads
crushed rock, gravel - rock fragments and pebbles
3.ballast - an attribute that tends to give stability in character and morals; something that steadies the mind or feelings
attribute - an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of an entity
4.ballast - a resistor inserted into a circuit to compensate for changes (as those arising from temperature fluctuations)ballast - a resistor inserted into a circuit to compensate for changes (as those arising from temperature fluctuations)
resistor, resistance - an electrical device that resists the flow of electrical current
5.ballast - an electrical device for starting and regulating fluorescent and discharge lamps
electrical device - a device that produces or is powered by electricity
Verb1.ballast - make steady with a ballast
stabilise, stabilize, steady, brace - support or hold steady and make steadfast, with or as if with a brace; "brace your elbows while working on the potter's wheel"
Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.

ballast

noun counterbalance, balance, weight, stability, equilibrium, sandbag, counterweight, stabilizer She may have to discharge some ballast to make her lighter.
Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002
Translations
painolastitasapainottaa
balast
ballastballastbedbedding
ballastballaste

ballast

[ˈbæləst]
A. N (Naut) (fig) → lastre m (Rail) → balasto m
in ballasten lastre
B. VT (Naut) → lastrar (Rail) → balastar
Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

ballast

[ˈbæləst] n (for boat)lest m; (for hot air balloon)lest mball bearing ball-bearing [ˌbɔːlˈbɛərɪŋ] nroulement m à billesball boy nramasseur m de ballesball cock nrobinet m à flotteur
Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

ballast

n
(Naut, Aviat, fig) → Ballast m; to take in/discharge ballastBallast aufnehmen/abwerfen
(= stone, clinker)Schotter m; (Rail) → Bettung (→ sschotter m) f
vt (Naut, Aviat) → mit Ballast beladen
Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

ballast

[ˈbæləst] nzavorra
Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995
References in classic literature ?
The profitable ship will carry a large load through all the hazards of the weather, and, when at rest, will stand up in dock and shift from berth to berth without ballast. There is a point of perfection in a ship as a worker when she is spoken of as being able to SAIL without ballast.
"The supporting power being estimated at 2500 pounds, and the united weights of the party amounting only to about 1200, there was left a surplus of 1300, of which again 1200 was exhausted by ballast, arranged in bags of different sizes, with their respective weights marked upon them - by cordage, barometers, telescopes, barrels containing provision for a fortnight, water-casks, cloaks, carpet-bags, and various other indispensable matters, including a coffee-warmer, contrived for warming coffee by means of slack-lime, so as to dispense altogether with fire, if it should be judged prudent to do so.
For example, there may be a deposition of dew upon the silk, to the extent, even, of several hundred pounds ; ballast has then to be thrown out, or the machine may descend.
From it depended the trail rope and grapnel, and over the sides of the car were a number of canvas bags that Bert decided must be ballast to "chuck down" if the balloon fell.
Then he got up, paddled about, rearranged the ballast bags on the floor, watched the clouds for a time, and turned over the maps on the locker.
We had to work fast; but before the tide came in again we had stripped her of her sails and masts, righted her, and filled her about a quarter full of rock ballast. If she didn't stick too fast in the mud I was sure that she would float this time right side up.
But then there must be some middle counsellors, to keep things steady; for without that ballast, the ship will roll too much.
So large did he make it, in fact, that additional ballast was imperative, and we stowed away nearly five hundred extra pounds of old railroad iron in the bottom of the boat.
Everything portable was taken ashore, from her pigs of iron ballast to her running gear and sails.
Then, again, it would never do in plain sight of the world's riveted eyes, it would never do, I say, for this straddling captain to be seen steadying himself the slightest particle by catching hold of anything with his hands; indeed, as token of his entire, buoyant self-command, he generally carries his hands in his trowsers' pockets; but perhaps being generally very large, heavy hands, he carries them there for ballast. Nevertheless there have occurred instances, well authenticated ones too, where the captain has been known for an uncommonly critical moment or two, in a sudden squall say --to seize hold of the nearest oarsman's hair, and hold on there like grim death.
"You may eat as much as you like, and here's half-a-crown to buy you the ballast."
Where unrecorded names and navies rust, and untold hopes and anchors rot; where in her murderous hold this frigate earth is ballasted with bones of millions of the drowned; there, in that awful water-land, there was thy most familiar home.