clade

Six aeglid crab species were used in this study, belonging to two different clades in phylogeny presented by Perez-Losada et al.

The Calomyscus samples from eastern Iran were separated into two distinct major clades in both BI and ML trees (Fig.

All of the COI haplotypes defined 2 main clades: SD and LN (Fig.

We chose to examine mtDNA, in part, because the genetic effective size of this locus in theory is four times less than that of nuclear DNA (Birky et al., 1989), meaning that population bottlenecks leading to reduced genetic variation and (female) effective size can be more easily detected than with nuclear-encoded DNA, in part because the mtDNA clades in the three rivers were thought to be fixed (Broughton et al., 2011) and, in part, because limited funding precluded more expensive microsatellite development and genotyping.

We revisit published data and assessed whether that way more even branch length distributions between long and short branch clades can be obtained.

These 350 WOX members were divided into three clades, and the first clade (also called the ancient clade) contained 98 WOXs in 47 species from lower plants to seed plants, including 7 WOXs from green algae, 3 WOXs from bryophyta, 6 WOXs from Lycopodiophyta, 1 WOX from Gnetophyta, 3 WOXs from coniferophyta, 1 WOX from Ginkgophyta, 1 WOX from Amborella trichopoda, 13 WOXs from Liliopsida, and 63 WOXs from eudicots, which are homologous to Arabidopsis WOX10, WOX13, and WOX14.

However, when a second phylogenetic tree was reconstructed including populations from the Upper Nile State (Malakal) in South Sudan, the dendrogram constructed placed the Sudanese indigenous chicken into three clusters and two different clades meaning that Sudanese chicken came from two different maternal lineages out of the seven clades.

alabe clades indicates some differences in radular morphology.

Adelphia is embedded in the poorly resolved Hiraea clade, which is mostly South American (but see also Hiraea and Psychopterys below).