episome

These results indicates that Integration of HPV16 more common than episome genome in the host genome.

The genome of EqPV-H episome is available in GenBank (accession no.

Lipkin, "Bocavirus episome in infected human tissue contains Non- Identical termini," PLoS ONE, vol.

The linking regions of EBNA1 LR1 and LR2 were revealed to have a strong preference for G-quadruplex RNA and it was revealed that G-quadruplex RNA-interacting drugs block the functions of EBNA1 that are critical for viral DNA replication and episome maintenance [12,13].

These vectors are based on a well-established technology in which the inclusion of the EBNA1 gene and the OriP sequence of the Epstein-Barr virus allow a plasmid, after a single transfection, to replicate extrachromosomally, as a circular episome, in several cell types [45].

The cccDNA episome is the transcriptional template for HBV messenger RNA transcripts that encode viral structural and NS proteins and the pregenomic RNA template for reverse transcription and synthesis of the viral genome [5].

In HPV-associated malignancies, high-risk HPV DNA may either be integrated within the cellular genome or it may be maintained as an episome in the nuclei of the malignant cells.

As described previously [36], rKSHV.219 expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the strong cellular elongation factor 1-[alpha] promoter and the Ds-red fluorescent protein (RFP) from the KSHV lytic polyadenylated nuclear (PAN) RNA promoter, in addition to the gene for puromycin resistance as a selectable marker for maintenance of the viral episome in rKSHV.219-infected cells [36].