As David Brandenberger remarks, the party hierarchy was promoting "national Bolshevism"--a Marxist-Leninist worldview cloaked in a Russocentric,
etatist rhetoric--rather than Russian nationalism as such, and this, of course, precluded a full reconciliation with the church.
During the early years of the Republic, the military bureaucracy initially focused on increasing agricultural output (in keeping with the free trade stipulations of the Lausanne Treaty), but, following the 1929 crash, it adopted an
etatist policy of 'direct state participation, ownership and planning of the economy'44 Influenced by the Soviet model of central planning and an $18 million loan from Moscow in 1933, this was facilitated by the growing tendency for senior military officials to accept executive positions within large corporations upon retirement.
Puritan authoritarianism, the cause of the recrudescence of the
etatist institutions
Finally, in a European "
etatist" university context and tradition, precious few of the present European central governments (with the possible exception of Switzerland, Denmark, and the Netherlands) can be said to articulate, much less pursue, any form of conscious or even consistent national science and higher education policy.
The tracing would not follow state-surveillance techniques in the 'Foucauldian',
etatist sense, since the Israeli case does not involve banal mechanisms of power and control with a long-forgotten original rationale behind the spatial design (Foucault, 1977), but rather is loaded and emotional.
The matter that we should debate at length should be our concerns about the
etatist trends -- which rose from the dead and haunted the most unexpected individuals and groups -- and how these trends might ominously evolve.
Commodified or not, the
etatist perspective on maternity enters frequently in opposition with the individual perspective or group perspective of the same subject, exactly as it is going on with the problem of death attitude (26).
Following the liberal,
etatist, and second liberal interludes in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1950s, Turkey attempted to industrialize on the basis of infant industry protection, development planning, and import substitution (ISI) under the aegis of the international economic institutions, most notably the OECD, (11) while enjoying a delayed encounter with the Keynesian revolution.
As Richard Tuck shows, by the first decade of the seventeenth century,
etatist thinkers sought to distance themselves, with reservation, from Machiavelli.
This sensitivity to high energy prices--coupled with the highly inefficient and corrupt management of state-controlled enterprises such as Gazprom and Rosneft, and
etatist policies limiting foreign investment in the energy sector--does not bode well for the long-term sustainability of Russian energy power.
The
etatist Turkish Republic and its political and socio-economic performance from 1980-1999; a developing state impacted by international organizations and interdependence.
The RPP and the DLP have always preserved their rigid and elitist ideology, and they cannot rescue themselves from the elitist and
etatist modernist outlook.