Other phytonutrients in blueberries include caffeic acids,
coumaric acids, quercetin, pterostilbene, and resveratrol, among others, and virtually all of them work together to provide both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.
Among the analysed hydroxycinnamic acids, gallic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids predominated, while among the derivatives of hydroxycinnamic acid it was ferulic, sinapic and
coumaric acids.
The extract of each plant contained Gallic Acid, Catechin, Coffeic Acid, Syringic Acid, Rutin,
Coumaric Acid, Vanillin, Quercetin but cinnamic acid found in methanolic extract of S.
There are 3 isomers of
coumaric acids: o-coumaric acid, m-
coumaric acid and p-
coumaric acid that differ by the position of hydroxy substitution of phenyl group.
A midovnik, Effect of [beta]-cyclodextrin on antioxidant activity of
coumaric acids, Food.Chem., 110, 636 (2008).
It should be noted that transferulic acid was present in all fractions, the same for
coumaric acid, but it was not present in the ethyl acetate fraction.
Mixed calibration solutions were prepared ranging from 2 to 70 ppm for 5-CGA and CA and from 0.4 to 40 ppm for ferulic acid (FA) and
coumaric acid (Sigma-Aldrich).
The chemicals and reagents used in this work such as Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ascorbic acid, gallic acid, vanillic acid, rutin, epicatechin,
coumaric acid, catechin, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-carboxylic acid (BHT), sodium carbonate, aluminum chloride (Al[Cl.sub.3]), sodium nitrate (NaN[O.sub.2]), sodium carbonate ([Na.sub.2]C[O.sub.3]), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and hydrogen peroxide ([H.sub.2][O.sub.2]) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical (St.
Valoneic acid dilactone (aqueous Fl and F4), Hexoside (ethanol F4) and
Coumaric acid (hexane F2) were identified as bioactive compounds in HPLC fractions.
Fenugreek seeds contain phenolic acids such as vanillic acid,
coumaric acid, ferulic acid and gallic acid.
BRBs contain chemopreventive -rich composition, including anthocyanins, ellagic acid, ferulic acid,
coumaric acid and quercetin, phytosterols in addition to folic acid and selenium.
The
coumaric acid and the hydroxybenzoic acid potentiate the IAA oxidase system, responsible for its inactivation, causing the roots inhibition (Souza Filho & Alves, 2002).