Diagnosis and treatment of ankyloglossia and tied maxillary
fraenum in infants using Er: YAG and 1064 diode lasers.
According to Edwards the possible causes are a prominent labial
fraenum, dentoalveolar disproportion, missing teeth, supernumerary teeth, proclination of the upper labial segment and pernicious habits.
No mental
fraenum; single transverse row of fleshy papillae present on chin.
Fraenal attachment was assessed visually and if the
fraenum was attached close to the tip of the tongue, then it was considered as ankyloglossia.
The examined area was always the same for each patient: - the
fraenum area of the lower lip and left margin of the tongue.
She also has a high
fraenum (the tag of skin between the two front teeth that is connected to the upper lip) which prevented her teeth from closing together.'
Other findings in one case report [Diniz et al., 2007] were malocclusion, absence of lingual
fraenum, parched lips, supragingival calculus, and moderate gingivitis.
Traumatic injuries to the supporting structures of the mouth (alveolar bone, periodontum, gingiva, ligaments,
fraenum and lips), defined as indirect traumas, can be effectively treated using lasers, in particular the Nd:YAG and the diode lasers.